March 9Birthdays & History

On this day: March 9 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 141 BCLiu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.Asia
2. 1009First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.Europe
3. 1044The people of Constantinople riot against emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, whose preference of his mistress Maria Skleraina over empress Zoe Porphyrogenita is seen as an insult.Middle East
4. 1226Khwarazmian sultan Jalal ad-Din conquers the Georgian capital of Tbilisi.Europe
5. 1230Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Asen II defeats Theodore of Epirus in the Battle of Klokotnitsa.Europe
6. 1500The fleet of Pedro Álvares Cabral leaves Lisbon for the Indies. The fleet will discover Brazil which lies within boundaries granted to Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494.EuropeLatin America
7. 1701Safavid troops retreat from Basra, ending a three-year occupation.Middle East
8. 1765After a campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually died by suicide.Europe
9. 1776Scottish philosopher Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations, ushering in the classical period of political economy.Europe
10. 1796Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais.Europe
11. 1811Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Tacuarí.Latin America
12. 1815Francis Ronalds describes the first battery-operated clock in the Philosophical Magazine.Europe
13. 1841The U.S. Supreme Court rules in the United States v. The Amistad case that captive Africans who had seized control of the ship carrying them had been taken into slavery illegally.North America
14. 1842Giuseppe Verdi's third opera, Nabucco, receives its première performance in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera composers.Europe
15. 1842The first documented discovery of gold in California occurs at Rancho San Francisco, six years before the California Gold Rush.North America
16. 1847Mexican–American War: The first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz.Latin AmericaNorth America
17. 1862American Civil War: USS Monitor and CSS Virginia (rebuilt from the engines and lower hull of the USS Merrimack) fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads, the first battle between two ironclad warships.North America
18. 1883Demonstration of 9 March 1883: Parisian anarchists, unemployed and carpenters narrowly miss the Presidential palace during a violent protest; first use of the black flag as a symbol of anarchism by Louise Michel.Europe
19. 1908Inter Milan is founded on Football Club Internazionale, following a schism from A.C. Milan.Europe
20. 1916Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack against the border town of Columbus, New Mexico.Latin AmericaNorth America
21. 1933Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.North America
22. 1942World War II: Dutch East Indies unconditionally surrenders to the Japanese forces in Kalijati, Subang, West Java, and the Japanese complete their Dutch East Indies campaign.EuropeAsiaAsia
23. 1944World War II: Soviet Army planes attack Tallinn, Estonia.Europe
24. 1945World War II: A coup d'état by Japanese forces in French Indochina removes the French from power.AsiaEurope
25. 1945World War II: Allied forces carry out firebombing over Tokyo, destroying most of the capital and killing over 100,000 civilians.Asia
26. 1946Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster at Burnden Park, Bolton, England, kills 33 and injures hundreds more.Europe
27. 1954McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy", produced by Fred Friendly.North America
28. 1956Soviet forces suppress mass demonstrations in the Georgian SSR, reacting to Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization policy.Europe
29. 1957The 8.6 Mw Andreanof Islands earthquake shakes the Aleutian Islands, causing over $5 million in damage from ground movement and a destructive tsunami.North America
30. 1959The Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.North America
31. 1960Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner implants for the first time a shunt he invented into a patient, which allows the patient to receive hemodialysis on a regular basis.North America
32. 1961Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a dog and a human dummy, and demonstrating that the Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight.Europe
33. 1967Trans World Airlines Flight 553 crashes in a field in Concord Township, Ohio, following a mid-air collision with a Beechcraft Baron, killing 26 people.North America
34. 1974The Mars 7 Flyby bus releases the descent module too early, missing Mars.World
35. 1976Forty-two people die in the Cavalese cable car disaster, the deadliest cable car accident in history.Europe
36. 1977The Hanafi Siege: In a 39-hour standoff, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, D.C., buildings.North America
37. 1978President Soeharto inaugurates Jagorawi Toll Road, the first toll highway in Indonesia, connecting Jakarta, Bogor and Ciawi, West Java.Asia
38. 1987Chrysler announces its acquisition of American Motors Corporation.North America
39. 1997Comet Hale–Bopp: Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.Asia
40. 2000Nupedia, a multi-language online encyclopedia, is launched.North America
41. 2011Space Shuttle Discovery makes its final landing after 39 flights.North America
42. 2012A truce between the Salvadoran government and gangs in the country goes into effect when 30 gang leaders are transferred to lower security prisons.Latin America
43. 2015Two Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil helicopters collide in mid-air over Villa Castelli, Argentina, killing all 10 people on board both aircraft, including French athletes Florence Arthaud, Camille Muffat and Alexis Vastine, as well as producers and guests for the French TV show Dropped.Latin AmericaEurope
44. 2020Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister of Italy, announces in a televised address and signs the decree imposing the first nationwide COVID-19 lockdown in the world.Europe
45. 2023A shooting in the Alsterdorf quarter of Hamburg, Germany, kills eight people and injures another eight.Europe

Source: Wikipedia "March 9" / CC BY-SA 4.0