September 9Birthdays & History

On this day: September 9 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 337Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti.Europe
2. 1000Battle of Svolder during the Viking Age.Europe
3. 1141Yelü Dashi, the Liao dynasty general who founded the Qara Khitai, defeats the Seljuq and Kara-Khanid forces at the Battle of Qatwan.AsiaMiddle East
4. 1320In the Battle of Saint George, the Byzantines under Andronikos Asen ambush and defeat the forces of the Principality of Achaea, securing possession of Arcadia.Europe
5. 1488Anne becomes sovereign Duchess of Brittany, becoming a central figure in the struggle for influence that leads to the union of Brittany and France.Europe
6. 1493Battle of Krbava Field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.EuropeMiddle East
7. 1493Christopher Columbus, with 17 ships and 1,200 men, sails on second voyage from Cadiz.EuropeLatin America
8. 1499The citizens of Lisbon celebrate the triumphal return of the explorer Vasco de Gama, completing his two-year journey around the Cape of Good Hope to India.EuropeAsia
9. 1513James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden, ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai.Europe
10. 1543Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.Europe
11. 1561The ultimately unsuccessful Colloquy of Poissy opens in an effort to reconcile French Catholics and Protestants.Europe
12. 1588Thomas Cavendish in his ship Desire enters Plymouth and completes the first deliberately planned voyage of circumnavigation.Europe
13. 1739Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in Britain's mainland North American colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.EuropeNorth America
14. 1776The Continental Congress officially names its union of states the United States.North America
15. 1791Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is named after President George Washington.North America
16. 1796Grenelle camp affair, a failed uprising by supporters of Gracchus Babeuf against the French Directory.Europe
17. 1801Alexander I of Russia confirms the privileges of Baltic provinces.Europe
18. 1839John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.Europe
19. 1845Possible start of the Great Famine of Ireland.Europe
20. 1850The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.North America
21. 1850California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.North America
22. 1855Crimean War: The Siege of Sevastopol comes to an end when Russian forces abandon the city.Europe
23. 1863American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.North America
24. 1882A British force repels an Egyptian force led by Ahmed Urabi in the battle of Qassasin during the Anglo-Egyptian War.EuropeMiddle East
25. 1892Amalthea becomes the last moon to be discovered without the use of photography.North America
26. 1914World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.North AmericaEurope
27. 1922The Greco-Turkish War effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in Smyrna.Middle East
28. 1923Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, founds the Republican People's Party.Middle East
29. 1924Hanapepe massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.North America
30. 1926Yleisradio (YLE), the Finnish national public broadcasting company, begins its broadcasts.Europe
31. 1936The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and destroyer Dão mutiny against the Salazar dictatorship's support of General Franco's coup and declare their solidarity with the Spanish Republic.Europe
32. 1939World War II: The Battle of Hel begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German invasion of Poland.Europe
33. 1939Burmese national hero U Ottama dies in prison after a hunger strike to protest Britain's colonial government.AsiaEurope
34. 1940George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.North America
35. 1940Treznea Massacre in Transylvania.Europe
36. 1942World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon.AsiaNorth America
37. 1943World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.Europe
38. 1944World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.Europe
39. 1945World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War: The Empire of Japan formally surrenders to China.AsiaAsia
40. 1948Kim Il Sung is appointed as premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). This is celebrated annually as its national holiday.Asia
41. 1954The 6.7 Mw Chlef earthquake shakes northern Algeria with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). At least 1,243 people were killed and 5,000 were injured.Africa
42. 1956Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.North America
43. 1965The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.North America
44. 1965Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10–12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1 billion in unadjusted damage.North America
45. 1966The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.North America
46. 1969In Canada, the Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal government.North AmericaEurope
47. 1969Allegheny Airlines Flight 863 collides in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 Cherokee over Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana, killing all 83 people on board both aircraft.North America
48. 1970A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan.EuropeMiddle East
49. 1971The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.North America
50. 1972In Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.North America
51. 1976Two Aeroflot flights collide in mid-air over Anapa, Soviet Union, killing 70.Europe
52. 1988Vietnam Airlines Flight 831 crashes in Khu Khot, Thailand, while on approach to Don Muang International Airport, killing 76.Asia
53. 1990Batticaloa massacre: Massacre of 184 Tamil civilians by the Sri Lankan Army in Batticaloa District.Asia
54. 1991Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.AsiaEurope
55. 1993Israeli–Palestinian peace process: The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.Middle East
56. 1994Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-64.North America
57. 2001Ahmad Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan by two al-Qaeda assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.AsiaMiddle East
58. 2006Space Shuttle Program: Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on STS-115 to resume assembling the International Space Station. It is the first ISS assembly mission after the Columbia disaster back in 2003.North America
59. 2009The Dubai Metro, the first urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula, is ceremonially inaugurated.Middle East
60. 2012A wave of attacks kills more than 100 people and injure 350 others across Iraq.Middle East
61. 2012The Indian space agency puts into orbit its heaviest foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful PSLV launches.Asia
62. 2014The album Songs of Innocence by U2 is digitally released at no charge to all customers of the iTunes Music Store, appearing automatically in the "purchased" section of over 500 million users worldwide.North AmericaEurope
63. 2015Elizabeth II becomes the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom.Europe
64. 2016The government of North Korea conducts its fifth and reportedly biggest nuclear test. World leaders condemn the act, with South Korea calling it "maniacal recklessness".Asia
65. 2025Six people are killed when Israel carries out an airstrike on Doha in a failed attempt to decapitate the Hamas leadership.Middle East
66. 2025Several Russian drones incur on Polish airspace and are subsequently shot down, marking the first time a NATO member has engaged Russian military assets.Europe

Source: Wikipedia "September 9" / CC BY-SA 4.0