October 30Birthdays & History

On this day: October 30 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 130Emperor Hadrian establishes the city of Antinoöpolis on the Nile in honour of his companion Antinous, creating a new Hellenizing foundation in Roman Egypt.Middle EastEurope
2. 637Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge.Middle EastEurope
3. 758Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.AsiaMiddle East
4. 1137Ranulf of Apulia defeats Roger II of Sicily at the Battle of Rignano, securing his position as duke until his death two years later.Europe
5. 1270The Eighth Crusade ends by an agreement between Charles I of Anjou (replacing his deceased brother King Louis IX of France) and the Hafsid dynasty of Tunis, Tunisia.EuropeAfrica
6. 1340Reconquista: Portuguese and Castilian forces halt a Muslim invasion at the Battle of Río Salado.Europe
7. 1657Anglo-Spanish War: Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Ocho Rios.EuropeLatin America
8. 1806War of the Fourth Coalition: Convinced that he is facing a much larger force, Prussian General von Romberg, commanding 5,300 men, surrenders the city of Stettin to 800 French soldiers.Europe
9. 1817Simón Bolívar becomes President of the Third Republic of Venezuela.Latin America
10. 1831Nat Turner is arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.North America
11. 1836Louis Napoleon launches the unsuccessful Strasbourg Coup to overthrow the July Monarchy in FranceEurope
12. 1858Approximately 20 people die in Bradford, England, UK, after being poisoned from ingesting sweets that had been accidentally adulterated with arsenic trioxide.Europe
13. 1863Danish Prince Vilhelm arrives in Athens to assume his throne as George I, King of the Hellenes.Europe
14. 1864Second War of Schleswig: The Treaty of Vienna is signed, by which Denmark relinquishes one province each to Prussia and Austria.Europe
15. 1888The Rudd Concession is granted by Matabeleland to agents of Cecil Rhodes.Africa
16. 1905Tsar Nicholas II issues the October Manifesto, nominally granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a duma. (October 17 in the Julian calendar)Europe
17. 1918World War I: The Ottoman Empire signs the Armistice of Mudros with the Allies.Middle East
18. 1918World War I: Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, a state union of Kingdom of Hungary and Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia is abolished with decisions of Croatian and Hungarian parliaments.Europe
19. 1920The Communist Party of Australia is founded in Sydney.Oceania
20. 1938Orson Welles broadcasts a radio adaptation of H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, causing a massive panic in some of the audience in the United States.North America
21. 1941Holocaust: Fifteen hundred Jews from Pidhaytsi are sent by Nazis to Bełżec extermination camp.Europe
22. 1941President Roosevelt approves $1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to the Allied nations.North America
23. 1942World War II: Lt. Tony Fasson and Able Seaman Colin Grazier drown while taking code books from the sinking German submarine U-559.Europe
24. 1944Holocaust: Anne and Margot Frank are deported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they die from disease the following year, shortly before the end of WWII.Europe
25. 1947The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is founded.World
26. 1948A luzzu fishing boat overloaded with passengers capsizes and sinks in the Gozo Channel off Qala, Gozo, Malta, killing 23 of the 27 people on board.Europe
27. 1953President Eisenhower approves the top-secret document NSC 162/2 concerning the maintenance of a strong nuclear deterrent force against the Soviet Union.Europe
28. 1956Hungarian Revolution: The government of Imre Nagy recognizes newly established revolutionary workers' councils. Army officer Béla Király leads anti-Soviet militias in an attack on the headquarters of the Hungarian Working People's Party.Europe
29. 1959Piedmont Airlines Flight 349 crashes on approach to Charlottesville–Albemarle Airport in Albemarle County, Virginia, killing 26 of the 27 on board.North America
30. 1961The Soviet Union detonates the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful explosive device ever detonated.Europe
31. 1968A squad of 120 North Korean Army commandos land in boats along a 25-mile long section of the eastern coast of South Korea in a failed attempt to overthrow the dictatorship of Park Chung Hee and bring about the reunification of Korea.Asia
32. 1973The Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus for the second time.Middle EastEuropeAsia
33. 1975Forty-five people are killed when Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450 crashes into Suchdol, Prague, while on approach to Prague Ruzyně Airport (now Václav Havel Airport Prague) in Czechoslovakia (present-day Czech Republic).Europe
34. 1975Prince Juan Carlos I of Spain becomes acting head of state, taking over for the country's ailing dictator, Gen. Francisco Franco.Europe
35. 1980El Salvador and Honduras agree to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.Latin America
36. 1983A magnitude 6.6 earthquake in the Turkish provinces of Erzurum and Kars leaves approximately 1,340 people dead.Middle East
37. 1983The first democratic elections in Argentina, after seven years of military rule, are held.Latin America
38. 1985Space Shuttle Challenger lifts off for mission STS-61-A, its final successful mission.World
39. 1991The Israeli-Palestinian conflict: The Madrid Conference commences in an effort to revive peace negotiations between Israel and Palestine.Middle EastEurope
40. 1995Quebec citizens narrowly vote (50.58% to 49.42%) in favour of remaining a province of Canada in their second referendum on national sovereignty.North America
41. 2005The rebuilt Dresden Frauenkirche (destroyed in the firebombing of Dresden during World War II) is reconsecrated after a thirteen-year rebuilding project.Europe
42. 2013Forty-five people are killed and seven injured after a bus catches fire in Mahabubnagar district, Andhra Pradesh (present-day Telangana), India.Asia
43. 2014Four people are killed when a Beechcraft Super King Air crashes at Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport in Wichita, Kansas.North America
44. 2014Sweden becomes the first European Union member state to officially recognize Palestine as an independent and sovereign state.EuropeMiddle East
45. 2015A fire in a nightclub in the Romanian capital of Bucharest kills sixty-four people and leaves more than 147 injured.Europe
46. 2020A magnitude 7.0 earthquake strikes the Aegean Sea between Greece and Turkey, triggering a tsunami. At least 119 people die mainly due to collapsed buildings.EuropeMiddle East
47. 2022A pedestrian suspension bridge collapses in the city of Morbi, Gujarat, leading to the deaths of at least 135 people.Asia
48. 2023First rescue of a prisoner during the Israeli invasion of Gaza.Middle East

Source: Wikipedia "October 30" / CC BY-SA 4.0