November 1Birthdays & History

On this day: November 1 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 365Roman Emperor Valentinian I learns the Alemanni have crossed the Rhine and invaded Gaul.Europe
2. 996Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).Europe
3. 1141Empress Matilda's reign as "Lady of the English" ends as Stephen of Blois regains the title of "King of England".Europe
4. 1179Philip II is crowned King of France.Europe
5. 1214The port city of Sinope surrenders to the Seljuq Turks.Middle East
6. 1348The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews of Murviedro on the pretext that they are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus "royalists".Europe
7. 1503Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope and takes the name Julius II.Europe
8. 1512The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.Europe
9. 1520The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, is first discovered and navigated by European explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the first recorded circumnavigation voyage.Latin AmericaNorth AmericaEurope
10. 1555French Huguenots establish the France Antarctique colony in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.EuropeLatin America
11. 1570The All Saints' Flood devastates the Dutch coast.Europe
12. 1612During the Time of Troubles, Polish troops are expelled from Moscow's Kitay-gorod by Russian troops under the command of Dmitry Pozharsky (22 October O.S.).Europe
13. 1683The British Crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.EuropeNorth America
14. 1688William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to seize the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.Europe
15. 1755In Portugal, Lisbon is totally devastated by a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing an estimated 40,000 to 60,000 people.Europe
16. 1765The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the Thirteen Colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.EuropeNorth America
17. 1790Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will end in a disaster.Europe
18. 1800John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).North America
19. 1805Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of the Third Coalition.Europe
20. 1814Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France in the Napoleonic Wars.North AmericaEurope
21. 1848In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.North America
22. 1861American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing General Winfield Scott.North America
23. 1870In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.North America
24. 1893The Battle of Bembezi took place and was the most decisive battle won by the British in the First Matabele War of 1893.Europe
25. 1894Nicholas II becomes the new (and last) Tsar of Russia after his father, Alexander III, dies.Europe
26. 1894Buffalo Bill, 15 of his Native Americans, and Annie Oakley were filmed by Thomas Edison in his Black Maria Studio in West Orange, New Jersey.North America
27. 1896A picture showing the bare breasts of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.North America
28. 1897Italian Sport-Club Juventus is founded by a group of students of Liceo Classico Massimo d'Azeglio.Europe
29. 1897The first Library of Congress building opens its doors to the public; the library had previously been housed in the Congressional Reading Room in the U.S. Capitol.North America
30. 1905Lahti, a city in Finland, is granted city rights by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Grand Duke of Finland.Europe
31. 1911World's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.AfricaMiddle EastEurope
32. 1914World War I: The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) departed by ship in a single convoy from Albany, Western Australia bound for Egypt.OceaniaMiddle East
33. 1914World War I: The first British Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast of Chile, in the Pacific, with the loss of HMS Good Hope and HMS Monmouth.EuropeLatin America
34. 1916In Russia, Pavel Milyukov delivers in the State Duma the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the government of Boris Stürmer.Europe
35. 1918World War I: With a brave action carried out into the waters of the Austro-Hungarian port of Pula, two officers of the Italian Regia Marina sink with a manned torpedo the enemy battleship SMS Viribus Unitis.Europe
36. 1918Malbone Street wreck: The worst rapid transit accident in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 102 deaths.North America
37. 1918Western Ukraine separates from Austria-Hungary.Europe
38. 1922Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate: The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.Middle East
39. 1923The Finnish airline Aero O/Y (now Finnair) is founded.Europe
40. 1928The Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish Alphabet, replaces the Arabic alphabet with the Latin alphabet.Middle East
41. 1937Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community.Europe
42. 1938Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed "the match of the century" in horse racing.North America
43. 1941American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.North AmericaLatin America
44. 1942World War II: Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal campaign and ends three days later with an American victory.OceaniaNorth America
45. 1943World War II: The 3rd Marine Division, United States Marines, landing on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands, secures a beachhead, leading that night to a naval clash at the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay.North AmericaOceania
46. 1944World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren.Europe
47. 1945The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the name Chongro.Asia
48. 1948Athenagoras I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, is enthroned.Middle East
49. 1949All 55 people on board Eastern Air Lines Flight 537 are killed when the Douglas DC-4 operating the flight collides in mid-air with a Bolivian Air Force Lockheed P-38 Lightning aircraft over Alexandria, Virginia.Latin AmericaNorth America
50. 1950Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.Latin AmericaNorth America
51. 1951Operation Buster–Jangle: Six thousand five hundred United States Army soldiers are exposed to 'Desert Rock' atomic explosions for training purposes in Nevada. Participation is not voluntary.North America
52. 1952Nuclear weapons testing: The United States successfully detonates Ivy Mike, the first thermonuclear device, at the Eniwetok atoll. The explosion had a yield of ten megatons TNT equivalent.North America
53. 1954The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.Africa
54. 1955The establishment of a Military Assistance Advisory Group in South Vietnam marks the beginning of American involvement in the conflict.AsiaNorth America
55. 1955The bombing of United Air Lines Flight 629 occurs near Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and five crew members aboard the Douglas DC-6B airliner.North America
56. 1956The Springhill mining disaster in Springhill, Nova Scotia kills 39 miners; 88 are rescued.North America
57. 1956Hungarian Revolution: Imre Nagy announces Hungary's neutrality and withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact. Soviet troops begin to re-enter Hungary, contrary to assurances by the Soviet government. János Kádár and Ferenc Münnich secretly defect to the Soviets.Europe
58. 1956The Indian states Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Mysore are formally created under the States Reorganisation Act; Kanyakumari district is joined to Tamil Nadu from Kerala. Delhi was established as a union territory.Asia
59. 1957The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas.North America
60. 1963The 1963 South Vietnamese coup begins.Asia
61. 1963The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.Latin America
62. 1968The Motion Picture Association of America's film rating system is officially introduced, originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.North America
63. 1970Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France kills 146 young people.Europe
64. 1973The Indian state of Mysore is renamed as Karnataka to represent all the regions within Karunadu.Asia
65. 1973Watergate scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.North America
66. 1976Burundian president Michel Micombero is deposed in a bloodless military coup d'état by deputy Jean-Baptiste Bagaza.Africa
67. 1979Griselda Álvarez becomes the first female governor of a state of Mexico.Latin America
68. 1979In Bolivia, Colonel Alberto Natusch executes a bloody coup d'état against the constitutional government of Wálter Guevara.Latin America
69. 1981Antigua and Barbuda gains independence from the United Kingdom.Europe
70. 1982Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the United States with the opening of its factory in Marysville, Ohio; a Honda Accord is the first car produced there.AsiaAsiaNorth America
71. 1984After the assassination of Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India on 31 October 1984, by two of her Sikh bodyguards, anti-Sikh riots erupt.Asia
72. 1987British Rail Class 43 (HST) hits the record speed of 238 km/h for rail vehicles with on-board fuel to generate electricity for traction motors.Europe
73. 1991President of the Chechen Republic Dzhokhar Dudayev declares sovereignty of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria from the Russian Federation.Europe
74. 1993The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.Europe
75. 1997Titanic premieres publicly at Tokyo festival, launching a global blockbuster career.Asia
76. 2000Serbia and Montenegro joins the United Nations.Europe
77. 2000Chhattisgarh officially becomes the 26th state of India, formed from sixteen districts of eastern Madhya Pradesh.Asia
78. 2001Turkey, Australia, and Canada agree to commit troops to the invasion of Afghanistan.Middle EastOceaniaNorth America
79. 2009An Ilyushin Il-76 crashes near the Mir mine after takeoff from Mirny Airport in Yakutia, killing all 11 aboard.Europe
80. 2011Mario Draghi succeeds Jean-Claude Trichet and becomes the third president of the European Central Bank.Europe
81. 2012A fuel tank truck crashes and explodes in the Saudi Arabian capital Riyadh, killing 26 people and injuring 135.Middle East
82. 2024A concrete canopy collapses at the Novi Sad railway station, killing 16 people and injuring 3.Europe

Source: Wikipedia "November 1" / CC BY-SA 4.0