September 5Birthdays & History

On this day: September 5 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 394On the first day of the battle of Frigidus, the Western Roman troops of Arbogast manage to defend their positions against the Eastern Roman troops of emperor Theodosius I.Europe
2. 917Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu.Asia
3. 1234The Decretals of Gregory IX, a new canonical collection assembled by Raymond of Peñafort, are promulgated.Europe
4. 1367Swa Saw Ke becomes king of AvaAsia
5. 1590An army led by Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma forces Henry IV of France to lift the siege of Paris.Europe
6. 1661Fall of Nicolas Fouquet: Louis XIV's Superintendent of Finances is arrested in Nantes by D'Artagnan, captain of the king's musketeers.Europe
7. 1697War of the Grand Alliance: A French warship commanded by Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville defeats an English squadron at the Battle of Hudson's Bay.Europe
8. 1698In an effort to Westernize his nobility, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards for all men except the clergy and peasantry.Europe
9. 1725Wedding of Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska.Europe
10. 1774First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia.North America
11. 1781Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War: The British Navy is repelled by the French Navy, contributing to the British surrender at Yorktown.North AmericaEurope
12. 1791Olympe de Gouges writes the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen.Europe
13. 1793French Revolution: The French National Convention initiates the Reign of Terror.Europe
14. 1798Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan law.Europe
15. 1812War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Wayne begins when Chief Winamac's forces attack two soldiers returning from the fort's outhouses.North America
16. 1816Louis XVIII of France has to dissolve the Chambre introuvable ("Unobtainable Chamber").Europe
17. 1836Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.North America
18. 1839The United Kingdom declares war on the Qing dynasty of China.EuropeAsia
19. 1862American Civil War: The Army of Northern Virginia crosses the Potomac River at White's Ford in the Maryland Campaign.North America
20. 1877American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.North America
21. 1882The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.North America
22. 1887A fire at the Theatre Royal, Exeter kills 186, making it the UK's deadliest ever building fire.Europe
23. 1905Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, United States, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.AsiaNorth America
24. 1914World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital.Europe
25. 1915The pacifist Zimmerwald Conference begins.Europe
26. 1932The French Upper Volta is broken apart between Ivory Coast, French Sudan, and Niger.EuropeAfrica
27. 1937Spanish Civil War: Llanes falls to the Nationalists following a one-day siege.Europe
28. 1938Chile: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist National Socialist Movement of Chile are executed after surrendering during a failed coup.Latin America
29. 1941Whole territory of Estonia is occupied by Nazi Germany.Europe
30. 1942World War II: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at Milne Bay, the first major Japanese defeat in land warfare during the Pacific War.Asia
31. 1943World War II: In the Pacific Theater, the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Lae Nadzab Airport, near Lae during the Salamaua–Lae campaign.OceaniaNorth America
32. 1944Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux.Europe
33. 1945Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese American who broadcast under the name Orphan Annie during World War II, is arrested in Yokohama by U.S. military authorities amid widespread speculation of her being wartime radio propagandist Tokyo Rose.AsiaNorth America
34. 1945Cold War: Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet Union embassy clerk, defects to Canada, exposing Soviet espionage in North America, signalling the beginning of the Cold War.EuropeNorth America
35. 1948In France, Robert Schuman becomes President of the Council while being Foreign minister; as such, he is the French negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II.Europe
36. 1954KLM Flight 633 crashes into the River Shannon in Shannon, County Clare, Ireland, killing 28.Europe
37. 1957Cuban Revolution: Fulgencio Batista bombs the revolt in Cienfuegos.Latin America
38. 1960Muhammad Ali (then known as Cassius Clay) wins the gold medal in the light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games in Rome.Europe
39. 1960Poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is the first elected President of Senegal.Africa
40. 1968End of the Congress of Carrara, one of the major 20th century anarchist congresses.North America
41. 1969Mỹ Lai Massacre: U.S. Army Lieutenant William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai.North AmericaAsia
42. 1970Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn begins: The United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thừa Thiên–Huế Province.AsiaNorth America
43. 1972Munich massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called "Black September" attacks and takes hostage 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. Two die in the attack and nine are murdered the following day.EuropeMiddle East
44. 1975Sacramento, California: Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.North America
45. 1977Voyager Program: NASA launches the Voyager 1 spacecraft.North America
46. 1978Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin peace discussions at Camp David, Maryland.North America
47. 1980The Gotthard Road Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at 16.9 kilometres (10.5 mi) stretching from Göschenen to Airolo.Europe
48. 1981The first women arrive at what becomes Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp in the UK.Europe
49. 1984Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.Oceania
50. 1984STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.North America
51. 1986Pan Am Flight 73 from Mumbai, India with 358 people on board is hijacked at Karachi International Airport.Asia
52. 1990Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Army soldiers slaughter 158 civilians.Asia
53. 1991The current international treaty defending indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, comes into force.World
54. 1996Hurricane Fran makes landfall near Cape Fear, North Carolina as a Category 3 storm with 115 mph sustained winds. Fran caused over $3 billion in damage and killed 27 people.North America
55. 2005Mandala Airlines Flight 091 crashes after takeoff from Polonia International Airport in Medan, Indonesia, killing 149.Asia
56. 2006The Waziristan Accord is signed between the Government of Pakistan and local Taliban militants in North Waziristan, obliging the Taliban to expel foreign jihadists and the government to compensate the tribes for loss of life and property and launch reconstruction projects.Asia
57. 2012An accidental explosion at a Turkish Army ammunition store in Afyon, western Turkey kills 25 soldiers and wounds four others.Middle East
58. 2021The President of Guinea, Alpha Condé is captured by armed forces during a coup d'état.Africa
59. 2022At least 93 people die and 25 are missing after a magnitude 6.8 earthquake strikes Sichuan, China.Asia
60. 2022Liz Truss is declared the winner of the UK Conservative Party leadership election, beating Rishi Sunak.Europe

Source: Wikipedia "September 5" / CC BY-SA 4.0