August 30Birthdays & History

On this day: August 30 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 70Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod's Temple.Middle East
2. 1057Elderly Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas abdicates after just one year on the throne.Europe
3. 1060The Mirdasids defeat the Fatimid Caliphate at the Battle of al-Funaydiq, signalling the definitive loss of Aleppo for the Fatimids.Middle East
4. 1282Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers.Europe
5. 1363The five-week Battle of Lake Poyang begins, in which the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders (Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang) meet to decide who will supplant the Yuan dynasty.Asia
6. 1464Paul II succeeds Pius II as pope of the Catholic Church.Europe
7. 1535With the papal bull Eius qui immobilis, Pope Paul III excommunicates King Henry VIII of England from the Catholic Church for approving the Acts of Supremacy, although the bull is likely never published.Europe
8. 1574Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master.Asia
9. 1590Tokugawa Ieyasu enters Edo Castle. (Traditional Japanese date: August 1, 1590)Asia
10. 1594King James VI of Scotland holds a masque at the baptism of Prince Henry at Stirling Castle.Europe
11. 1721The Great Northern War between Sweden and Russia ends in the Treaty of Nystad.Europe
12. 1727Anne, eldest daughter of King George II of Great Britain, is given the title Princess Royal.Europe
13. 1757Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf: Russian force under Field Marshal Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin beats a smaller Prussian force commanded by Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt, during the Seven Years' War.Europe
14. 1791HMS Pandora sinks after having run aground on the outer Great Barrier Reef the previous day.Oceania
15. 1799The entire Dutch fleet is captured by British forces under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell during the War of the Second Coalition.Europe
16. 1800Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested before he can make it happen.North America
17. 1808The convention of Cintra allows the defeated French troops to be transported out of Iberia on British ships, including their loot.Europe
18. 1813Creek War: Fort Mims massacre: Creek "Red Sticks" kill over 500 settlers (including over 250 armed militia) in Fort Mims, north of Mobile, Alabama.North America
19. 1813First Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.Europe
20. 1835Australia: Melbourne, Victoria is founded.Oceania
21. 1836The city of Houston is founded by Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen.North America
22. 1862American Civil War: Battle of Richmond: Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout Union forces under General William "Bull" Nelson.North America
23. 1873Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Sea.Europe
24. 1896Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General Ramón Blanco y Erenas.AsiaEurope
25. 1909Burgess Shale fossils are discovered by Charles Doolittle Walcott.North America
26. 1914World War I: Germans defeat the Russians in the Battle of Tannenberg.Europe
27. 1916Ernest Shackleton completes the rescue of all of his men stranded on Elephant Island in Antarctica.World
28. 1917Vietnamese prison guards led by Trịnh Văn Cấn mutiny at the Thái Nguyên penitentiary against local French authority.AsiaEurope
29. 1918Fanni Kaplan shoots and seriously injures Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, which, along with the assassination of Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky days earlier, prompts the decree for Red Terror.Europe
30. 1922Battle of Dumlupınar: The final battle in the Greco-Turkish War (Turkish War of Independence).Middle East
31. 1936The RMS Queen Mary wins the Blue Riband by setting the fastest transatlantic crossing.EuropeNorth America
32. 1940The Second Vienna Award reassigns the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.Europe
33. 1941The Tighina Agreement, a treaty regarding administration issues of the Transnistria Governorate, is signed between Germany and Romania.Europe
34. 1942World War II: The Battle of Alam el Halfa begins.Middle East
35. 1945The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, General Douglas MacArthur, lands at Atsugi Air Force Base.Asia
36. 1945The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, comes into being.Europe
37. 1945The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong comes to an end.AsiaAsia
38. 1959South Vietnamese opposition figure Phan Quang Dan is elected to the National Assembly despite soldiers being bussed in to vote for President Ngo Dinh Diem's candidate.Asia
39. 1962Japan conducts a test of the NAMC YS-11, its first aircraft since World War II and its only successful commercial aircraft from before or after the war.Asia
40. 1963The Moscow–Washington hotline between the leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union goes into operation.EuropeNorth America
41. 1967Thurgood Marshall is confirmed as the first African American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.AfricaNorth America
42. 1974A Belgrade–Dortmund express train derails at the main train station in Zagreb killing 153 passengers.Europe
43. 1974A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo. Eight are killed, 378 are injured. Eight left-wing activists are arrested on May 19, 1975, by Japanese authorities.Asia
44. 1974The Third World Population Conference ends in Bucharest, Romania. At the end of the ceremony, the UN-Romanian Demographic Centre is inaugurated.Europe
45. 1981President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar of Iran are assassinated in a bombing. The office of Iran's Prosecutor General blames the People's Mujahedin of Iran.Middle East
46. 1983Aeroflot Flight 5463 crashes into Dolan Mountain while approaching Almaty International Airport in present-day Kazakhstan, killing all 90 people on board.Asia
47. 1983STS-8: The Space Shuttle Challenger takes off on the first night launch of the shuttle program. Guion Bluford becomes the first African-American in space on this mission.AfricaNorth America
48. 1984STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery takes off on its maiden voyage.World
49. 1991Dissolution of the Soviet Union: Azerbaijan declares independence from Soviet Union.Europe
50. 1992The 11-day Ruby Ridge standoff ends with Randy Weaver surrendering to federal authorities.North America
51. 1995Bosnian War: NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian Serb forces.Europe
52. 1998Second Congo War: Armed forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and their Angolan and Zimbabwean allies recapture Matadi and the Inga dams in the western DRC from RCD and Rwandan troops.Africa
53. 2002Rico Linhas Aéreas Flight 4823 crashes on approach to Rio Branco International Airport, killing 23 of the 31 people on board.Latin America
54. 2008A Conviasa Boeing 737 crashes into Illiniza Volcano in Ecuador, killing all three people on board.Latin America
55. 2014Prime Minister of Lesotho Tom Thabane flees to South Africa as the army allegedly stages a coup.Africa
56. 2021The last remaining American troops leave Afghanistan, ending U.S. involvement in the war.North AmericaAsia
57. 2023Gabonese coup d'état: After Ali Bongo Ondimba's reelection, a military coup ousts him, ending 56 years of Bongo family rule in Gabon.Africa

Source: Wikipedia "August 30" / CC BY-SA 4.0