November 25Birthdays & History

On this day: November 25 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 571 BCServius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.Europe
2. 1034Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethóc and Crínán of Dunkeld, inherits the throne.Europe
3. 1120The White Ship sinks in the English Channel, drowning William Adelin, son and heir of Henry I of England.Europe
4. 1177Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Châtillon defeat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard.Middle East
5. 1343A tsunami, caused by an earthquake in the Tyrrhenian Sea, devastates Naples and the Maritime Republic of Amalfi, among other places.Europe
6. 1400King Minkhaung I becomes king of Ava.Asia
7. 1487Elizabeth of York is crowned Queen Consort of England.Europe
8. 1491The siege of Granada, the last Moorish stronghold in Spain, ends with the Treaty of Granada.Europe
9. 1510Portuguese conquest of Goa: Portuguese naval forces under the command of Afonso de Albuquerque, and local mercenaries working for privateer Timoji, seize Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate, resulting in 451 years of Portuguese colonial rule.Europe
10. 1596The Cudgel War begins in Finland (at the time part of Sweden), when peasants rebel against the imposition of taxes by the nobility.Europe
11. 1667A deadly earthquake rocks Shemakha in the Caucasus, killing 80,000 people.Europe
12. 1678Trunajaya rebellion: After a long and logistically challenging march, the allied Mataram and Dutch troops successfully assault the rebel stronghold of Kediri.Europe
13. 1755King Ferdinand VI of Spain grants royal protection to the Beaterio de la Compañia de Jesus, now known as the Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary.Europe
14. 1758French and Indian War: British forces capture Fort Duquesne from French control. Later, Fort Pitt will be built nearby and grow into modern Pittsburgh.EuropeNorth America
15. 1759An earthquake hits the Mediterranean destroying Beirut and Damascus and killing 30,000–40,000.Middle East
16. 1783American Revolutionary War: The last British troops leave New York City, three months after the signing of the Treaty of Paris.North AmericaEurope
17. 1795Partitions of Poland: Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of independent Poland, is forced to abdicate and is exiled to Russia.Europe
18. 1826The Greek frigate Hellas arrives in Nafplion to become the first flagship of the Hellenic Navy.Europe
19. 1833A massive undersea earthquake, estimated magnitude between 8.7 and 9.2, rocks Sumatra, producing a massive tsunami all along the Indonesian coast.Asia
20. 1839A cyclone slams into south-eastern India. An estimated 300,000 deaths resulted from the disaster.Asia
21. 1863American Civil War: Battle of Missionary Ridge: Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant break the Siege of Chattanooga by routing Confederate troops under General Braxton Bragg at Missionary Ridge in Tennessee.North America
22. 1864American Civil War: A group of Confederate operatives calling themselves the Confederate Army of Manhattan starts fires in more than 20 locations in an unsuccessful attempt to burn down New York City.North America
23. 1874The United States Greenback Party is established as a political party consisting primarily of farmers affected by the Panic of 1873.North America
24. 1876American Indian Wars: In retaliation for the American defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, United States Army troops sack the sleeping village of Cheyenne Chief Dull Knife at the headwaters of the Powder River.North America
25. 1905Prince Carl of Denmark arrives in Norway to become King Haakon VII of Norway.Europe
26. 1908A fire breaks out on SS Sardinia as it leaves Malta's Grand Harbour, resulting in the ship's grounding and the deaths of at least 118 people.Europe
27. 1912Românul de la Pind, the longest-running newspaper by and about Aromanians prior to World War II, ceases its publications.Europe
28. 1915Albert Einstein presents the field equations of general relativity to the Prussian Academy of Sciences.Europe
29. 1917World War I: German forces defeat Portuguese army of about 1,200 at Negomano on the border of modern-day Mozambique and Tanzania.EuropeAfrica
30. 1918Vojvodina, formerly Austro-Hungarian crown land, proclaims its secession from Austria-Hungary to join the Kingdom of Serbia.Europe
31. 1926The deadliest November tornado outbreak in U.S. history kills 76 people and injures more than 400.North America
32. 1931Wilhelm Schäfer leaves the Nazi Party and hands over the Boxheim Documents to the Frankfurt police.Europe
33. 1936In Berlin, Germany and Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact, agreeing to consult on measures "to safeguard their common interests" in the case of an unprovoked attack by the Soviet Union against either nation.EuropeAsia
34. 1941World War II: HMS Barham is sunk by a German torpedo.Europe
35. 1943World War II: Statehood of Bosnia and Herzegovina is re-established at the State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Europe
36. 1947New Zealand ratifies the Statute of Westminster and thus becomes independent of legislative control by the United Kingdom.OceaniaEurope
37. 1947Red Scare: The "Hollywood Ten" are blacklisted by Hollywood movie studios.North America
38. 1950The Great Appalachian Storm of 1950 impacts 22 American states, killing 353 people, injuring over 160, and causing US$66.7 million in damages (1950 dollars).North America
39. 1952Korean War: After 42 days of fighting, the Battle of Triangle Hill ends in a Chinese victory. American and South Korean units abandon their attempt to capture the "Iron Triangle".AsiaNorth America
40. 1952Agatha Christie's murder-mystery play The Mousetrap opens at the Ambassadors Theatre in London's West End after a premiere in Nottingham, UK. It will become the longest continuously running play in history.Europe
41. 1958French Sudan gains autonomy as a self-governing member of the French Community.EuropeAfrica
42. 1960The Mirabal sisters of the Dominican Republic are assassinated.Latin America
43. 1963State funeral of John F. Kennedy; after lying in state at the United States Capitol, a Requiem Mass takes place at Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle and the President is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.North America
44. 1968The Old Student House in Helsinki, Finland is occupied by a large group of University of Helsinki students.Europe
45. 1970In Japan, author Yukio Mishima and one compatriot commit ritualistic seppuku after an unsuccessful coup attempt.Asia
46. 1973Georgios Papadopoulos, head of the military Regime of the Colonels in Greece, is ousted in a hardliners' coup led by Brigadier General Dimitrios Ioannidis.Europe
47. 1975Suriname gains independence from the Netherlands.Latin AmericaEurope
48. 1975Coup of 25 November 1975, a failed military coup d'état by Portuguese far-left activists seeking to hijack the Portuguese transition to democracy to establish a communist regime.Europe
49. 1977Former Senator Benigno Aquino Jr., is found guilty by the Philippine Military Commission No. 2 and is sentenced to death by firing squad. He is later assassinated in 1983.Asia
50. 1980Sangoulé Lamizana, president of Upper Volta, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by Colonel Saye Zerbo.Africa
51. 1981Pope John Paul II appoints Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (the future Pope Benedict XVI) Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.Europe
52. 1984Thirty-six top musicians gather in a Notting Hill studio and record Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in order to raise money for famine relief in Ethiopia.Africa
53. 1985A Soviet Air Force Antonov An-12 is shot down near Menongue in Angola's Cuando Cubango Province, killing 21.EuropeAfrica
54. 1986Iran–Contra affair: U.S. Attorney General Edwin Meese announces that profits from covert weapons sales to Iran were illegally diverted to the anti-communist Contra rebels in Nicaragua.Middle EastNorth AmericaLatin America
55. 1986The King Fahd Causeway is officially opened in the Persian Gulf.Middle East
56. 1987Typhoon Nina pummels the Philippines with category 5 winds of 265 km/h (165 mph) and a surge that destroys entire villages. At least 1,036 deaths are attributed to the storm.Asia
57. 1992The Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia votes to split the country into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, with effect from January 1, 1993.Europe
58. 1999A five-year-old Cuban boy, Elián González, is rescued by fishermen while floating in an inner tube off the Florida coast.Latin AmericaNorth America
59. 2000The 2000 Baku earthquake, with a Richter magnitude of 7.0 kills 26 people dead in Baku, Azerbaijan, being the strongest earthquake in the region in 158 years.Europe
60. 2008Cyclone Nisha strikes northern Sri Lanka, killing 15 people and displacing 90,000 others while dealing the region the highest rainfall in nine decades.Asia
61. 2009Jeddah floods: Freak rains swamp the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during an ongoing Hajj pilgrimage. Three thousand cars are swept away and 122 people perish in the torrents, with 350 others missing.Middle East

Source: Wikipedia "November 25" / CC BY-SA 4.0