November 9Birthdays & History

On this day: November 9 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 694At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.Europe
2. 1180The Battle of Fujigawa: Minamoto forces (30,000 men) under Minamoto no Yoritomo defeat Taira no Koremori during a night attack near the Fuji River but he escapes safely with the routed army.Asia
3. 1277The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement forced on Llywelyn ap Gruffudd by King Edward I of England, brings a temporary end to the Welsh Wars.Europe
4. 1307Knights Templar officer Hugues de Pairaud is forced to confess during the Trials of the Knights Templar. He was persecuted on the charges of false idolism and sodomy.Europe
5. 1313Louis the Bavarian defeats his cousin Frederick I of Austria at the Battle of Gammelsdorf.Europe
6. 1323Siege of Warangal: Prataparudra surrenders to Muhammad bin Tughlaq, officially marking the end of the Kakatiya dynasty.Asia
7. 1330At the Battle of Posada, Basarab I of Wallachia defeats the Hungarian army of Charles I Robert.Europe
8. 1372Trần Duệ Tông succeeds his brother Trần Nghệ Tông as King of Vietnam.Asia
9. 1431The Battle of Ilava: The Hungarians defeat the Hussite army.Europe
10. 1456Ulrich II, Count of Celje, last ruler of the County of Cilli, is assassinated in Belgrade.Europe
11. 1520More than 50 people are sentenced and executed in the Stockholm Bloodbath.Europe
12. 1580Second Desmond Rebellion: The Siege of Smerwick ends with the Catholic garrison surrendering to the English forces under Arthur Grey. The majority of the garrison is massacred the next day.Europe
13. 1620The Bohemian King Frederick I flees Prague to Vratislav one day after the defeat of his troops in the Battle of White Mountain.Europe
14. 1688Glorious Revolution: William of Orange captures Exeter.Europe
15. 1719In a treaty between Sweden and Hanover at the close of the Great Northern War, Sweden cedes the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (in northern Germany) to Hanover.Europe
16. 1720The synagogue of Judah HeHasid is burned down by Arab creditors, leading to the expulsion of the Ashkenazim from Jerusalem.Middle East
17. 1729Spain, France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Seville.Europe
18. 1780American Revolutionary War: In the Battle of Fishdam Ford a force of British and Loyalist troops fail in a surprise attack against the South Carolina Patriot militia under Brigadier General Thomas Sumter.North AmericaEurope
19. 1791The Dublin Society of United Irishmen is founded.Europe
20. 1799Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming First Consul of the successor Consulate Government.Europe
21. 1851Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape.North America
22. 1862American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George B. McClellan is removed.North America
23. 1867The Tokugawa shogunate hands back power to the Emperor of Japan, starting the Meiji Restoration.Asia
24. 1870The Battle of Coulmiers ends in a Pyrrhic victory for the French army during the Franco-German War of 1870.Europe
25. 1872The Great Boston Fire of 1872.North America
26. 1880A major earthquake strikes Zagreb and destroys many buildings, including Zagreb Cathedral.Europe
27. 1881Mapuche rebels attack the fortified Chilean settlement of Temuco.Latin America
28. 1887The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.North America
29. 1888Jack the Ripper murders Mary Jane Kelly, his final victim in the Whitechapel murders.Europe
30. 1900Russian invasion of Manchuria: Russia completes its occupation of Manchuria with 100,000 troops.EuropeAsia
31. 1901Prince George, Duke of Cornwall (later George V of the United Kingdom), becomes Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester.Europe
32. 1905The Province of Alberta, Canada, holds its first general election.North America
33. 1906Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country, doing so to inspect progress on the Panama Canal.North AmericaLatin America
34. 1907The Cullinan Diamond is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday.EuropeAfrica
35. 1913The Great Lakes Storm of 1913, the most destructive natural disaster ever to hit the lakes, reaches its greatest intensity after beginning two days earlier. The storm destroys 19 ships and kills more than 250 people.North America
36. 1914SMS Emden is sunk by HMAS Sydney in the Battle of Cocos.Oceania
37. 1917The Balfour Declaration is published in The Times newspaper.EuropeMiddle East
38. 1918Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.Europe
39. 1921The National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista or PNF) is founded in Italy.Europe
40. 1923In Munich, police and government troops crush the Nazi Beer Hall Putsch.Europe
41. 1935The Committee for Industrial Organization, the precursor to the Congress of Industrial Organizations, is founded in Atlantic City, New Jersey, by eight trade unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.North America
42. 1936American fashion designer Ruth Harkness seeks and captures a nine-week-old panda cub in Sichuan; named Su Lin, he becomes the first live giant panda to enter the United States.North America
43. 1937Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Army withdraws from the Battle of Shanghai.AsiaAsia
44. 1938Kristallnacht occurs, instigated by the Nazis using the killing of German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan as justification.Europe
45. 1940Warsaw is awarded the Virtuti Militari by the Polish government-in-exile.Europe
46. 1942Battle of Stalingrad: German forces of the 6th Army under general Friedrich Paulus reach the river bank of the Volga, capturing 90% of the ruined city of Stalingrad and splitting the remaining Soviet forces into two narrow pockets.Europe
47. 1943An agreement for the founding of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration is signed by 44 countries in the White House, Washington, D.C.North America
48. 1945Soo Bahk Do and Moo Duk Kwan martial arts are founded in Korea.Asia
49. 1953Cambodia gains independence from France.AsiaEurope
50. 1960Robert McNamara is named president of the Ford Motor Company, becoming the first non-Ford family member to serve in that post. He resigns a month later to join the newly elected John F. Kennedy administration.North America
51. 1963At a coal mine in Miike, Japan, an explosion kills 458 and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning.Asia
52. 1963The Tsurumi rail accident on the Tōkaidō Main Line in Yokohama kills 162 people.Asia
53. 1965Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast blackout of 1965.North America
54. 1965A Catholic Worker Movement member, Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building.Asia
55. 1967Apollo program: NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft, atop the first Saturn V rocket, from Florida's Cape Kennedy.North America
56. 1970Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6–3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.AsiaNorth America
57. 1971American banker John List murdered his wife, mother, and three children with a pair of handguns.North America
58. 1979Cold War: Nuclear false alarm: The NORAD computers and the Alternate National Military Command Center in Fort Ritchie, Maryland, detect a purported massive Soviet nuclear strike. After reviewing the raw data from satellites and checking the early-warning radars, the alert is cancelled.North AmericaEurope
59. 1985Garry Kasparov, 22, of the Soviet Union, becomes the youngest World Chess Champion by beating fellow Soviet Anatoly Karpov.Europe
60. 1989Cold War: Fall of the Berlin Wall: East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall, allowing its citizens to travel to West Berlin.Europe
61. 1993Stari Most, the "old bridge" in the Bosnian city of Mostar, built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing by Croat forces during the Croat–Bosniak War.Europe
62. 1994The chemical element darmstadtium is discovered.Europe
63. 1998A U.S. federal judge, in the largest civil settlement in American history, orders 37 U.S. brokerage houses to pay US$1.03 billion to cheated NASDAQ investors to compensate for price fixing.North America
64. 1998Capital punishment in the United Kingdom, already abolished for murder, is completely abolished for all remaining capital offences.Europe
65. 1999TAESA Flight 725 crashes after takeoff from Uruapan International Airport in Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico, killing all 18 people on board.Latin America
66. 2000Uttarakhand officially becomes the 27th state of India, formed from thirteen districts of northwestern Uttar Pradesh.Asia
67. 2004Firefox 1.0 is released.North America
68. 2005Suicide bombers attack three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 60 people.Middle East
69. 2005The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.EuropeAsia
70. 2011The first national test of the Emergency Alert System is activated in the United States at 2:00 p.m. EST.North America
71. 2012A train carrying liquid fuel crashes and bursts into flames in northern Myanmar, killing 27 people and injuring 80 others.Asia
72. 2012At least 27 people are killed and dozens are wounded in conflicts between inmates and guards at Welikada prison in Colombo.Asia
73. 2014A non-binding self-determination consultation is held in Catalonia, asking Catalan citizens their opinion on whether Catalonia should become a state and, if so, whether it should be an independent state.Europe
74. 2020Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: An armistice agreement is signed by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Russia.Europe
75. 2023U.S. surgeons at NYU Langone Health announce the world's first whole eye transplant.North America

Source: Wikipedia "November 9" / CC BY-SA 4.0