July 13Birthdays & History

On this day: July 13 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 1174William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.Europe
2. 1249Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.Europe
3. 1260The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.Europe
4. 1402Nanjing surrenders to Zhu Di without a fight, ending the Jingnan campaign. The Jianwen Emperor disappears and his family is incarcerated.Asia
5. 1558Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.Europe
6. 1573Eighty Years' War: The Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.Europe
7. 1586Anglo–Spanish War: A convoy of English ships from the Levant Company manage to repel a fleet of eleven Spanish and Maltese galleys off the Mediterranean island of Pantelleria.Europe
8. 1643English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.Europe
9. 1690Nine Years' War: French naval forces led by Anne Hilarion de Tourville, fresh from their victory at Beachy Head, sail West and launch a raid on the small English town of Teignmouth, leaving it devastated.Europe
10. 1787The Congress of the Confederation enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.North America
11. 1794The Battle of Trippstadt between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria begins.Europe
12. 1798The French Armée d'Orient under Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a Mamluk army under Murad Bey in battle of Shubra Khit.Europe
13. 1814The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.Europe
14. 1830The General Assembly's Institution, now the Scottish Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.EuropeAsia
15. 1831Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law, is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.Europe
16. 1841Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and Russia conclude the London Straits Convention, which forbids warships to cross the Bosporus and Dardanelles in times of war.Europe
17. 1849The Charleston Workhouse Slave Rebellion begins in Charleston, South Carolina, United States.North America
18. 1854In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General José María Yáñez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.Latin AmericaEurope
19. 1863American Civil War: The New York City draft riots begin three days of rioting which will later be regarded as the worst in United States history.North America
20. 1878Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.EuropeMiddle East
21. 1913The 1913 Romanian Army cholera outbreak during the Second Balkan War starts.Europe
22. 1914Felix Ysagun Manalo registers the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) as Iglesia ni Kristo with the government of the Philippines.Asia
23. 1919The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.Europe
24. 1930The inaugural FIFA World Cup begins in Uruguay.Latin America
25. 1941World War II: Montenegrins begin the Trinaestojulski ustanak (Thirteenth of July Uprising), a popular revolt against the Axis powers.Europe
26. 1951Vuoristorata, one of the oldest still-operating wooden roller coasters in Europe, is opened at the Linnanmäki amusement park in Helsinki, Finland.Europe
27. 1956The Dartmouth workshop is the first conference on artificial intelligence.North America
28. 1962In an unprecedented action, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan dismisses seven members of his Cabinet, marking the effective end of the National Liberals as a distinct force within British politics.Europe
29. 1973Watergate scandal: Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of a secret Oval Office taping system to investigators for the Senate Watergate Committee.North America
30. 1977Amidst a period of financial and social turmoil, New York City experiences an electrical blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that leads to widespread fires and looting.North America
31. 1977Somalia declares war on Ethiopia, starting the Ogaden War.Africa
32. 1985Vice President George H. W. Bush becomes the Acting President for the day when President Ronald Reagan undergoes surgery to remove polyps from his colon.North America
33. 1985The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Moscow and Sydney.EuropeNorth AmericaOceania
34. 1990Lenin Peak disaster: a 6.4-magnitude earthquake in Afghanistan triggers an avalanche on Lenin Peak, killing 43 climbers in the deadliest mountaineering disaster in history.Asia
35. 1995Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-70 to deploy the TDRS-7 satellite.World
36. 2003French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Íngrid Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political scandal when details are leaked to the press.EuropeLatin America
37. 2008Battle of Wanat begins when Taliban and al-Qaeda guerrillas attack US Army and Afghan National Army troops in Afghanistan. The U.S. deaths were, at that time, the most in a single battle since the beginning of operations in 2001.North AmericaAsia
38. 2011Noar Linhas Aéreas Flight 4896 crashes in Boa Viagem, Recife, killing all 16 people on board.Latin America
39. 2011Mumbai is rocked by three bomb blasts during the evening rush hour, killing 26 and injuring 130.Asia
40. 2011United Nations Security Council Resolution 1999 is adopted, which admits South Sudan to member status of United Nations.Africa
41. 2013Typhoon Soulik kills at least nine people and affects more than 160 million in East China and Taiwan.Asia
42. 2014Germany wins the FIFA World Cup, defeating Argentina in the final 1–0 after extra time.EuropeLatin America
43. 2016Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Cameron resigns, and is succeeded by Theresa May.Europe
44. 2020After a five-day search, the body of American actress and singer Naya Rivera is recovered from Lake Piru in California, where she had drowned.North America
45. 2024Former president of the United States Donald Trump is injured in an assassination attempt while speaking at an election campaign rally near Butler, Pennsylvania.North America

Source: Wikipedia "July 13" / CC BY-SA 4.0