July 10Birthdays & History

On this day: July 10 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 138Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.Europe
2. 420Having usurped the throne of Emperor Gong of Jin, Liu Yu proclaims himself Emperor of the Liu Song dynasty.Asia
3. 518Justin I is crowned Byzantine Emperor by the patriarch of Constantinople the day after the death of emperor Anastasius.EuropeMiddle East
4. 645Isshi Incident: Prince Naka-no-Ōe and Fujiwara no Kamatari assassinate Soga no Iruka during a coup d'état at the imperial palace.Asia
5. 988The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin.Europe
6. 1212The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground.Europe
7. 1290Ladislaus IV, King of Hungary, is assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg (modern-day Cheresig in Romania).Europe
8. 1460Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton.Europe
9. 1499The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.EuropeAsia
10. 1512The Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre commences with the capture of Goizueta.Europe
11. 1519Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor a usurper, beginning the Prince of Ning rebellion, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing.Asia
12. 1553Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England.Europe
13. 1584William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft, Holland, by Balthasar Gérard.Europe
14. 1645English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place.Europe
15. 1668Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1671): Notable Buccaneer Henry Morgan with an English Privateer force lands at Porto Bello in an attempt to capture the fortified and lucrative Spanish city.Europe
16. 1778American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.North AmericaEurope
17. 1789Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta.North America
18. 1806The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company.AsiaEurope
19. 1832U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.North America
20. 1850U.S. President Millard Fillmore is sworn in, a day after becoming president upon Zachary Taylor's death.North America
21. 1877The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.Latin AmericaEurope
22. 1882War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepción when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.Latin America
23. 1883War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres's Peruvian army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war.Latin America
24. 1890Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.North America
25. 1920Arthur Meighen becomes Prime Minister of Canada.North America
26. 1921Belfast's Bloody Sunday occurs with 20 killings, at least 100 wounded and 200 homes destroyed during rioting and gun battles in Belfast, Northern Ireland.Europe
27. 1924Paavo Nurmi wins the 1,500 m and 5,000 m events at the Paris Olympics, with just an hour between the two races.Europe
28. 1925Scopes trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.North America
29. 1927Kevin O'Higgins TD, Vice-President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, is assassinated by the IRA.Europe
30. 1938Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.North America
31. 1940World War II: Six days before Adolf Hitler issues his Directive 16 to the combined Wehrmacht armed forces for Operation Sea Lion, the Kanalkampf shipping attacks begin against British maritime convoys in the leadup to initiating the Battle of Britain.Europe
32. 1940World War II: The Vichy government is established in France.Europe
33. 1941Jedwabne pogrom: Massacre of Polish Jews living in and near the village of Jedwabne.Europe
34. 1942World War II: An American pilot spots a downed, intact Mitsubishi A6M Zero on Akutan Island (the "Akutan Zero"), which the US Navy then uses to learn the aircraft's flight characteristics.North AmericaAsia
35. 1943World War II: Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily, begins.Europe
36. 1947Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor-General of Pakistan by the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee.AsiaEurope
37. 1948The official establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).Asia
38. 1951Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong.Asia
39. 1962Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.World
40. 1966The Chicago Freedom Movement, co-founded by Martin Luther King Jr., holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago; as many as 60,000 people attend.North America
41. 1967New Zealand decimalises its former currency to the modern-day New Zealand dollar.Oceania
42. 1973The Bahamas gains full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations.Latin America
43. 1974An EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes at Cairo International Airport, killing all six people on board.Middle East
44. 1976Four mercenaries (one American and three British) are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.North AmericaEuropeAfrica
45. 1978President Moktar Ould Daddah of Mauritania is ousted in a bloodless coup d'état.Africa
46. 1985The Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland harbour by French DGSE agents, killing Fernando Pereira.OceaniaEurope
47. 1985An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes near Uchkuduk, Uzbekistan (then part of the Soviet Union), killing all 200 people on board in the USSR's worst-ever airline disaster.AsiaEurope
48. 1991Boris Yeltsin takes office as the first elected President of Russia.Europe
49. 1991The South African cricket team is readmitted into the International Cricket Council following the end of Apartheid.Africa
50. 1991A Beechcraft Model 99 crashes near Birmingham Municipal Airport (now Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport) in Birmingham, Alabama, killing 13 of the 15 people on board.North America
51. 1992In Miami, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.North AmericaLatin America
52. 1995Burmese politician Aung San Suu Kyi is released from house arrest.Asia
53. 1995The NIOSH air filtration ratings update with the enactment of 42 CFR 84, previously published in the Federal Register. The new regulation includes rules governing the new N95 respirator standard.North America
54. 1997In London, scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which supports the "out of Africa theory" of human evolution, placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.EuropeAfrica
55. 1997Miguel Ángel Blanco, a member of Partido Popular (Spain), is kidnapped (and later murdered) in the Basque city of Ermua by ETA members, sparking widespread protests.Europe
56. 1998Catholic Church sexual abuse cases: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claim they were sexually abused by Rudolph Kos, a former priest.North America
57. 1999In women's association football, the United States defeats China in a penalty shoot-out at the Rose Bowl near Los Angeles to win the final match of the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. Watched by 90,185 spectators, the final sets a new world record for attendance at a women's sporting event.North AmericaAsia
58. 2000Bashar al-Assad succeeds his father Hafez al-Assad as President of Syria.Middle East
59. 2000EADS, the world's second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.Europe
60. 2002The Massacre of the Innocents, a painting by Peter Paul Rubens, is sold at a Sotheby's auction for £49.5 million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.North America
61. 2006A Pakistan International Airlines Fokker F27 Friendship crashes near Multan International Airport, killing all 45 people on board.Asia
62. 2007Erden Eruç begins the first solo human-powered circumnavigation of the world.North America
63. 2007The Pakistani military storms the Lal Masjid mosque in Islamabad, which had been seized by Islamist militants.Asia
64. 2008Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a United Nations tribunal.Europe
65. 2011Russian cruise ship Bulgaria sinks in the Volga River near Syukeyevo, Tatarstan, causing 122 deaths.Europe
66. 2011Amid widespread backlash to revelations of phone hacking, the British weekly tabloid newspaper News of the World publishes its final issue and shuts down after nearly 168 years in print.Europe
67. 2012The Episcopal Church USA allows same-sex marriage.North America
68. 2016Portugal defeats France in the UEFA Euro 2016 Final to win their first European title.Europe
69. 2017Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by the government of Iraq.Middle East
70. 2018Tham Luang cave rescue: A group of Thai school children and their football coach are all rescued from a cave after being stuck there for 18 days; one Thai Navy SEAL diver dies during the rescue mission.Asia
71. 2019The final Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the line in Puebla, Mexico; the last of 5,961 "Special Edition" cars will be exhibited in a museum.Latin America

Source: Wikipedia "July 10" / CC BY-SA 4.0