March 1Birthdays & History

On this day: March 1 in history

Oldest first. Tap a year to see it on the World Chronicle timeline.

1. 509 BCPublius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.Europe
2. 293Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi ("Four Rulers of the World").Europe
3. 350Vetranio proclaims himself Caesar after being encouraged to do so by Constantina, sister of Constantius II.Europe
4. 834Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire.Europe
5. 1290University of Coimbra, in Portugal, is officially chartered by King Denis.Europe
6. 1476Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.Europe
7. 1562Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.Europe
8. 1628Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.Europe
9. 1633Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.Europe
10. 1692Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.North America
11. 1781The Articles of Confederation goes into effect in the United States.North America
12. 1796The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.EuropeAsia
13. 1805Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial before the U.S. Senate.North America
14. 1811Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.Middle East
15. 1815Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba.Europe
16. 1836A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.North AmericaLatin America
17. 1845United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.North America
18. 1867Nebraska is admitted as the 37th U.S. state.North America
19. 1870Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.Latin America
20. 1871The victorious Prussian Army parades through Paris, France, after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.Europe
21. 1872Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.North America
22. 1893Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.North America
23. 1896Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.Europe
24. 1896Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.AfricaEurope
25. 1901The Australian Army is formed.Oceania
26. 1910The deadliest avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.North America
27. 1914China joins the Universal Postal Union.Asia
28. 1917The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S. government releases its unencrypted text.North America
29. 1919March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.AsiaAsia
30. 1921The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.Oceania
31. 1921Following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in the RSFSR, the Kronstadt rebellion begins, with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks.Europe
32. 1932Aviator Charles Lindbergh's 20-month-old son Charles Jr is kidnapped from his home in East Amwell, New Jersey. His body would not be found until May 12.North America
33. 1939An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.Asia
34. 1941World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.Europe
35. 1942World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and Banten Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).AsiaAsiaEurope
36. 1946The Bank of England is nationalised.Europe
37. 1947The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.North America
38. 1950Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.Europe
39. 1953Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.Europe
40. 1954Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.OceaniaNorth America
41. 1954Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.Latin AmericaNorth America
42. 1956Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.Europe
43. 1956The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.World
44. 1958Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S. member of the Roman Curia.North AmericaEurope
45. 1961Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.Africa
46. 1962American Airlines Flight 1 crashes into Jamaica Bay in New York, killing 95.North AmericaLatin America
47. 1964Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.Latin America
48. 1964Paradise Airlines Flight 901A crashes near Lake Tahoe, Nevada, killing 85.North America
49. 1966The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.Middle East
50. 1966Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.Europe
51. 1971President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.Asia
52. 1973Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.Middle EastAfrica
53. 1974Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.North America
54. 1981Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.Europe
55. 1990Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.North America
56. 1991Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begin in Iraq, leading to the deaths of more than 25,000 people, mostly civilians.Middle East
57. 1992Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.Europe
58. 1998Titanic becomes the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.North America
59. 2002The Envisat environmental satellite successfully launches aboard an Ariane 5 rocket to reach an orbit of 800 km (500 mi) above the Earth, which was the then-largest payload at 10.5 m long and with a diameter of 4.57 m.World
60. 2002U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.North AmericaAsia
61. 2002Space Shuttle Columbia is launched on STS-109 to service the Hubble Space Telescope.North America
62. 2003Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service moves to the United States Department of Homeland Security.North America
63. 2005In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of any crime is unconstitutional.North America
64. 2006English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.Europe
65. 2007Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.North America
66. 2008The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections; as a result ten people are killed.Europe
67. 2014Thirty-five people are killed and 143 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.Asia

Source: Wikipedia "March 1" / CC BY-SA 4.0