1990s

WORLD HISTORY · 20TH CENTURY 日本語

Events of the 1990s1990–1999

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What happened in the 1990s?

In the 1990s (1990–1999), Iraq invaded Kuwait, the breakup of the Soviet Union ended the Cold War, and the European Union was launched. South Africa held its first all-race general election and Hong Kong was returned to China, while Japan saw the collapse of its long-standing "1955 System" and the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake.

  1. Iraq invades KuwaitMiddle East
  2. Soviet Union dissolvesEurope
  3. Hosokawa coalition ends Japan's 1955 SystemAsia
  4. European Union launchedEurope
  5. South Africa holds first all-race electionAfrica
  6. Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake strikesAsia
  7. Sarin gas attack on Tokyo subwayAsia
  8. Hong Kong returned to ChinaAsia

Summaries are written by the site editors.

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The 1990s in AP history courses

AP World HistoryUnit 9 (Globalization)
AP U.S. HistoryPeriod 9

Key events of the 1990s (timeline)

Tip: the PC view is best for studying

On a computer, each region has its own vertical line, so you can follow the flow of events and see what was happening in different parts of the world at the same time.

1990Heisei 2

Stock prices plunge as Japan's bubble begins to burst

Asia

Feb 2, 1990Heisei 2

South Africa legalizes ANC, moves to free Mandela

Africa

Mar 15, 1990Heisei 2

Gorbachev becomes Soviet president

Europe

Aug 2, 1990Heisei 2

Iraq invades Kuwait

Middle East

Nov 12, 1990Heisei 2

Emperor Akihito's enthronement ceremony held

Asia

Nov 17, 1990Heisei 2

Mount Unzen-Fugen erupts after 198 years

Asia

Nov 21, 1990Heisei 2

Nintendo releases Super Famicom

Asia

Dec 2, 1990Heisei 2

Akiyama Toyohiro becomes first Japanese in space

Asia

1991Heisei 3

Iijima Sumio discovers carbon nanotubes

Asia

Jan 17, 1991Heisei 3

Coalition air strikes start Gulf War

Middle East

Apr 1, 1991Heisei 3

Tokyo government moves to Nishi-Shinjuku

Asia

Apr 26, 1991Heisei 3

Japanese minesweepers depart for Persian Gulf

AsiaMiddle East

Jun 20, 1991Heisei 3

Tohoku Shinkansen extends to Tokyo Station

Asia

Jun 25, 1991Heisei 3

Croatia and Slovenia declare independence

Europe

Jul 1, 1991Heisei 3

Warsaw Pact dissolved

Europe

Dec 25, 1991Heisei 3

Soviet Union dissolves

AsiaEurope

Feb 7, 1992Heisei 4

Twelve EC nations sign Maastricht Treaty

Europe

Mar 1, 1992Heisei 4

Bosnia and Herzegovina declares independence

Europe

Jun 6, 1992Heisei 4

Peacekeeping bill passes despite stalling tactics

Asia

Jun 14, 1992Heisei 4

Earth Summit adopts Rio Declaration

Latin America

Jul 25, 1992Heisei 4

Barcelona Olympics open

Europe

Jul 27, 1992Heisei 4

Iwasaki Kyoko becomes youngest gold medalist

AsiaEurope

Sep 12, 1992Heisei 4

Public schools begin monthly five-day weeks

Asia

Oct 14, 1992Heisei 4

Kanemaru Shin resigns over donation scandal

Asia

Jan 20, 1993Heisei 5

Clinton inaugurated as president

North America

May 15, 1993Heisei 5

J.League opens with Kawasaki vs. Yokohama

Asia

Jun 9, 1993Heisei 5

Crown Prince and Princess Masako marry

Asia

Jul 12, 1993Heisei 5

Hokkaido Nansei-oki earthquake strikes

Asia

Aug 9, 1993Heisei 5

Hosokawa coalition ends Japan's 1955 System

Asia

Aug 9, 1993Heisei 5

Hosokawa coalition ends 1955 System

Asia

Aug 20, 1993Heisei 5

Israel and PLO sign Oslo Accords

Middle EastEurope

Oct 4, 1993Heisei 5

Moscow parliament surrenders in October crisis

Europe

Nov 1, 1993Heisei 5

European Union launched

Europe

Nov 1, 1993Heisei 5

European Union established

Europe

Apr 6, 1994Heisei 6

Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi killed

Africa

Apr 15, 1994Heisei 6

WTO founding agreement signed

Africa

Apr 26, 1994Heisei 6

China Airlines jet crashes landing at Nagoya

Asia

Apr 27, 1994Heisei 6

South Africa holds first all-race election

Africa

May 6, 1994Heisei 6

Channel Tunnel opens

Europe

May 10, 1994Heisei 6

Mandela becomes South African president

Africa

Jun 27, 1994Heisei 6

Matsumoto sarin attack in Nagano

Asia

Jun 30, 1994Heisei 6

Murayama Tomiichi becomes prime minister

Asia

Dec 28, 1994Heisei 6

Sanriku Haruka-oki earthquake strikes

Asia

Jan 1, 1995Heisei 7

Austria and two others join EU

Europe

Jan 17, 1995Heisei 7

Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake strikes

Asia

Mar 20, 1995Heisei 7

Sarin gas attack on Tokyo subway

Asia

Mar 20, 1995Heisei 7

Tokyo subway sarin attack

Asia

Apr 19, 1995Heisei 7

Federal building bombed in Oklahoma City

North America

May 16, 1995Heisei 7

Aum Shinrikyo leader Asahara arrested

Asia

Aug 15, 1995Heisei 7

Prime Minister Murayama issues Murayama Statement

Asia

Nov 4, 1995Heisei 7

Israeli Prime Minister Rabin assassinated

Middle East

Dec 14, 1995Heisei 7

Dayton Agreement on Bosnian War signed

Europe

Jan 11, 1996Heisei 8

Hashimoto Ryutaro cabinet takes office

Asia

Feb 10, 1996Heisei 8

Rockfall at Hokkaido's Toyohama Tunnel

Asia

Mar 23, 1996Heisei 8

Lee Teng-hui wins Taiwan's first direct presidential vote

Asia

Jul 5, 1996Heisei 8

Dolly, first sheep cloned from adult cell, born

Europe

Jul 19, 1996Heisei 8

Atlanta Olympics open

North America

Sep 10, 1996Heisei 8

UN adopts Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

Oct 20, 1996Heisei 8

First election under mixed district-proportional system

Asia

Dec 17, 1996Heisei 8

Hostage crisis at Japanese ambassador's residence in Peru

AsiaLatin America

Feb 22, 1997Heisei 9

Birth of cloned sheep Dolly announced

Europe

Apr 1, 1997Heisei 9

Consumption tax raised to 5%

Asia

Jul 1, 1997Heisei 9

Hong Kong returned to China

Asia

Jul 2, 1997Heisei 9

Thai currency float sparks Asian financial crisis

Asia

Aug 31, 1997Heisei 9

Princess Diana dies in car crash

Asia

Nov 17, 1997Heisei 9

Hokkaido Takushoku Bank collapses

Asia

Nov 24, 1997Heisei 9

Yamaichi Securities decides to shut down

Asia

Dec 1, 1997Heisei 9

Kyoto climate conference opens

Asia

Feb 7, 1998Heisei 10

Nagano Winter Olympics open

Asia

Apr 1, 1998Heisei 10

Japan's financial "Big Bang" reforms begin

Asia

Apr 5, 1998Heisei 10

Akashi Kaikyo Bridge opens

Asia

Apr 10, 1998Heisei 10

Britain and Ireland reach Good Friday Agreement

Europe

May 21, 1998Heisei 10

Indonesia's President Suharto resigns

Asia

May 28, 1998Heisei 10

Pakistan conducts first nuclear tests

Asia

Oct 8, 1998Heisei 10

Kim Dae-jung visits; Japan–Korea joint declaration issued

Asia

Oct 23, 1998Heisei 10

Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan fails

Asia

Jan 1, 1999Heisei 11

Euro introduced in 11 EU countries

Europe

Feb 28, 1999Heisei 11

First brain-death determination under transplant law

Asia

Mar 3, 1999Heisei 11

Bank of Japan begins zero-interest-rate policy

Asia

Mar 12, 1999Heisei 11

Czech Republic and two others join NATO

Europe

Mar 23, 1999Heisei 11

Maritime security order issued over spy ships off Noto

Asia

Aug 9, 1999Heisei 11

National Flag and Anthem Act passed

Asia

Aug 17, 1999Heisei 11

Izmit earthquake strikes northwestern Turkey

Middle East

Sep 21, 1999Heisei 11

Magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes Taiwan

Asia

EventNameFamous birthEvent in more than one region

Source: Wikipedia date pages ("January 1" … "December 31") / CC BY-SA 4.0. Regions are assigned by the site editors.

Dates and events are based on Wikipedia and other references. Summaries and regions are written by the site editors.

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